MPs must vote on Tuesday this text, which intends to accelerate the development of these energies in France. But several points are debated.
by Rémi Barroux and Marjorie Cessac
With the bill on renewable energies (ENR) which must be voted Tuesday, January 10 at the Assembly, the objective displayed by the government is to “accelerate”. And for good reason. France is the worst student in the European class, having missed its 2020 objectives with regard to renewable energies. These – wind, solar but also wood and hydraulic – represented 19.1 % of its gross energy consumption, far from the 23 % that they should have reached, according to a European directive of 2009.
And the situation has not been arranged since, since it has not fulfilled its deployment objectives set by the multi -year energy programming (PPE), which provides 24 gigawatts (GW) of capacity installed in 2023, while France has around 20.3 GW today. Hence the strong expectations for this bill on renewable energies. Here are the main challenges.
The development of wind from the eastern sea
The deputies adopted the launch of new projects by less complex consultation procedures of local actors. The bill also establishes a planning of wind at sea. It would be on the scale of a maritime facade, which would imply a better distribution and a pooling of park projects. A first cartography of “priority” zones will have to intervene in 2024. These will have to be primarily in an exclusive economic zone, at least 22 km from the coast. However, the text does not set any distance obligation, to the chagrin of deputies of various benches, who could require during the examination in joint joint committee (CMP) the possibility of posting the parks a little further.
An increased risk of litigation on terrestrial wind turbines
New criteria have been introduced for the development of earthly wind power. The prefects will have to take into account, for the granting of the authorization to operate, the power installed in the territory concerned, the need to diversify the sources of ENR locally and to “prevent the effects of visual saturation in the landscape” . Opponents of these new criteria believe that they are likely to increase the risk of litigation and the provisions aimed at limiting terrestrial wind turbines. Almost 60 % of the national wind farm is concentrated in Hauts-de-France, Occitanie and Grand-Est, which generates, among some residents, a feeling of territorial injustice.
can better do on photovoltaics
You have 58.72% of this article to read. The continuation is reserved for subscribers.