Researchers from the University of South California (USC) have used machine learning and neurogenetics methods to understand how genetic factors affect the work of neurons in the hippocampus, a part of the brain responsible for training and memory. The scientists studied the genetic profile and electrical activity of 16,000 neurons of the hippocampus at mice and discovered that neurons in the crucial area of the brain have different functions based on their exact genetic identity. Understanding this diversity can lead to a better understanding of the computational flexibility of the brain and memory capacity, which can give information about the treatment of diseases, researchers from Cornell to the new research.
According to the study published in the journal Neuron, there is a strong connection between genes and the function of neurons in the hippocampus. For instance, some genes regulate the frequency of spikes that transmit information between neurons, while other genes affect the shape and size of neurons. Researchers also found that some genes are associated with the development of Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases. This can help in finding new ways to diagnose and treat these diseases.
“This is the first study that shows how genetics determines the function of neurons of the hippocampus on such a large scale,” said Professor Kostas Anastasiadis, one of the authors of the study. The findings of the study could lead to significant advancements in the understanding and treatment of neurological diseases.