NASA has made a significant breakthrough in predicting solar activity, as artificial intelligence (AI) can now provide a 30-minute advance warning for sun storms. This technology is crucial for taking preventive measures to protect energy networks and critical infrastructure facilities. By analyzing data on the solar wind from spacecraft, AI can provide valuable information to mitigate the impact of solar storms.
Solar storms, also known as geomagnetic storms, are intense disturbances caused by sudden releases of energy from the Sun. These storms have the potential to disrupt satellite communication, energy networks, and navigation systems, making it essential to accurately forecast their occurrence.
In collaboration with experts from NASA, the US Geological Service, and the US Department of Energy, AI is being utilized to deepen our understanding and improve the accuracy of sunlight forecasting. Through extensive training, the research team aims to enhance preparedness for potential geomagnetic storms.
One particularly promising development is the computer model known as Dagger (Deep Learning Geomagnetic Perturbation). Designed to accurately forecast geomagnetic storms worldwide, the Dagger model has been proven to provide warnings with a 30-minute lead time. The model’s forecasts are generated in seconds and updated every minute, displaying high accuracy during tests conducted in August 2011 and March 2015.
The Dagger model represents a significant milestone in forecasting, as it combines AI with real spatial and earth dimensions to deliver timely and precise predictions of geomagnetic storms on a global scale. Importantly, the model’s code is open, enabling specialists in energy, satellite communication, telecommunications, and other industries to adapt it for their specific needs.
Thanks to these accurate forecasts, stakeholders can receive timely warnings about solar storms and take protective measures accordingly. This may involve temporarily shutting down sensitive systems or repositioning satellites to minimize potential damage. Looking ahead, models like Dagger could be implemented with warning sirens at energy stations and satellite control centers worldwide. Similar to tornado warning sirens, these systems would alert stakeholders about potential solar storms approaching Earth, fostering preparedness and minimizing potential risks.