The Black Hole: New Steps to Understanding
The concept of the Black Hole, as it is understood today, has been explored for over 100 years. The initial breakthrough came in 1916 when physicist Karl Schwarzshild published his work on Einstein’s theory of gravity. However, despite decades of research, there is still no definitive answer to the question of how matter distributed in a particular area of space can result in the formation of a black hole, as pointed out by mathematician Marcus Kuri from the University of Stony Brooke.
New Steps to Understanding Black Holes
Kuri and his colleagues, Sven Hirsch, Dimitra Kazaras, and Iiiu Zhang, have recently released a scientific paper that brings us closer to determining the presence of black holes solely based on matter concentration. Furthermore, their work mathematically demonstrates the possibility of black holes existing in four, five, six, or even seven spatial dimensions, which was previously uncertain.
In 1972, physicist Kip Thorne proposed the “hoop hypothesis,” which was a significant step towards understanding how an unstable object could collapse into a black hole. However, this hypothesis remained vaguely defined.
Later in 1983, mathematicians Richard Sean and Shing-Tune Yau provided an important variation of the hoop hypothesis, presenting the minimum amount of matter required to create a closed trap surface. This version offered a new approach to the understanding of black holes.
The recent work by Kuri et al. offers an alternative to the hoop hypothesis, based on the Jang equation and the use of cubes rather than traditional hoops. This approach aligns with Thorne’s idea of using square hoops instead of round ones.
A closed trap surface is formed when a cube is found in space with a significant concentration of matter in comparison to the cube’s size. This measurement is easier to verify since it only requires calculating the distance between the two closest opposite faces of the cube.
Further Research and Open Questions
The research team was unable to explore dimensions beyond seven due to the appearance of singularities in their results. The logical