With the advent of variable sources of renewable energy and the growing popularity of electric vehicles, the demand for effective energy storage systems is increasing. One promising solution is the use of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSB), which have the potential to hold 3-5 times more energy than traditional lithium-ion batteries.
However, the combination of lithium and sulfur in these batteries faces a challenge known as the “shuttle effect.” This occurs when intermediate connections within the battery cause wear and a decrease in capacity. Various methods have been attempted to solve this problem, but none have yet produced optimal results.
Recently, a group of scientists from Japan and China, led by Professor Yuichi Neghi from Tokyo University of Sciences, conducted research that explored the potential of metal nanoclusters in LSB. They used nanoclusters consisting of platinum and gold as highly efficient electrical catalysts in the battery.
By incorporating these metal nanoclusters, the researchers were able to develop a special separator that improved chemical reactions within the battery. As a result, the new battery demonstrated excellent capacity and resistance to charging cycles. It had a capacity of 1535.4 mAh/g on the first cycle and 887 mAh/g at a load of 5a/g.
The use of metal nanoclusters offers several advantages, including improved energy intensity, a longer service life, and a lesser environmental impact. Professor Neghi remarked, “LSB with metal nanoclusters can be utilized in electric cars, portable electronics, and other industries.”
In the near future, this technology could lead to the development of more durable and cost-effective energy storage devices. This, in turn, would contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions and the widespread adoption of renewable energy sources.