A group of researchers recently made a groundbreaking discovery linking intelligence with the ability to use a computer effectively in daily life. The findings, published in August 2024 in the journal “International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction,” have the potential to revolutionize our understanding of digital inequality.
Digital inequality refers to the gap between individuals who have access to modern information technologies and posses the necessary skills to utilize them, and those who lack such access or skills. This divide not only exists between different countries, but also within various social groups within a single society, impacting education, career opportunities, and overall quality of life.
Professor Anti Ulasvirta from the University of Aalto, who spearheaded the research, commented, “For the first time, we have tangible evidence that cognitive abilities play a crucial and distinct role in an individual’s ability to navigate a computer. Previous experiences were found to be just as significant as expertise in these abilities.”
The study revealed that contemporary computer interfaces have become overly complex for the average user, indicating that mere practice is no longer sufficient. Participants of various ages were involved in the experiment, tackling 18 different tasks such as program installations, interface navigation, spreadsheet operations, and form completions. Notably, this study marked the first time where subjects’ genuine ability to perform everyday computer tasks was measured, as opposed to relying on self-assessment surveys.
The research uncovered key insights into which cognitive abilities are most crucial. Surprisingly, the speed of information processing – vital in computer gaming – was deemed less significant in everyday tasks. Lead researcher Salmela remarked, “Our findings highlight the importance of working memory, attention, and executive brain functions when using a computer. Planning sequential actions and recalling previous steps are essential skills in this regard.”
Professor Ulasvirta emphasized that different programs and interfaces necessitate varying qualities, stating, “For instance, spreadsheet operations demand practice, while language skills are paramount in online banking. Executive brain functions are particularly crucial in the latter scenario.” Despite these latest revelations, the study reaffirmed that age remains the primary factor influencing an individual’s proficiency with computer programs, as older participants typically took longer to complete tasks.