Researchers from the University of San Diego have developed a unique method that allows for penetration of the core nucleus without violating the integrity of its outer membrane. The technique is likened to piercing an egg yolk without damaging the protein and shell.
To achieve this breakthrough, scientists created an array of nanostolbiks that resemble a microscopic bed of nails. Different types of cells pre-treated with fluorescent dye, including heart muscle cells, skin cells, and fibroblasts, were placed on this structure for experimentation.
During the observation of cell behavior, researchers noted that all the cells clustered around the nanostolbiks, causing a bending of their nuclei. As a result, tiny holes formed in the nuclear membrane while the external structure remained intact. This was confirmed by the appearance of dye from the core in the cytoplasm. Interestingly, the holes in the nuclear membrane closed immediately after the cells were removed from the nanostolbiks array.
Zeynab Jaheda, the lead author of the study, highlighted the significance of the discovery, stating, “This is very interesting because we can selectively create tiny gaps in a nuclear membrane for direct access to the nucleus, while maintaining the integrity of the rest of the cell.”
The work of Jaheda’s team is notable as the nuclear membrane is renowned for its strength in protecting the cell’s genetic material. Previously, only individual molecules or a needle could penetrate it, risking damage to the entire cell. This new gentle access method has the potential to advance genetic therapy and targeted drug delivery technologies.
Currently, scientists are delving deeper into the data obtained to uncover the mechanisms behind this phenomenon and explore its applications in medicine.