A recent study has revealed the detrimental effects of atmospheric lead pollution on the population of ancient Rome. Conducted by researchers at the Desert Institute (DRI), the study analyzed ice cores from the Arctic dating back to 500 BC. to 100 AD. The findings suggest that the mass pollution of lead in the atmosphere for over 600 years could have significantly reduced the average intelligence levels of about 80 million people in ancient Rome.
Through their research, scientists investigated the effects of lead pollution on the Roman Empire, particularly during the period of Pax Romana when metal production and melting were at their peak. It was estimated that 50 thousand tons of lead were released into the atmosphere during this time, potentially impacting the cognitive abilities of the population.
By drilling ice cores up to 11 thousand feet long and studying natural markers like volcano eruptions, researchers were able to model the atmosphere and trace the sources of lead pollution, creating lead maps for Europe.
The study found that the increase in lead content in the air correlated with a 2.4 μg/DL rise in blood lead levels, leading to a decrease in IQ by 2.5-3 points. This decline in intelligence was attributed to health issues and diminished cognitive abilities caused by lead exposure.
While there is ongoing debate among historians and archaeologists regarding the role of lead in the decline of the Roman Empire, the study highlights the lasting impact of pollution on civilizations. It underscores the importance of understanding the long-term consequences of environmental pollution.
The research by MacConnella illustrates the significant influence of the mining industry on public health, even in ancient times.