Scientists Warn of New Biological Threat

Scientists Warn About Risks of Creating Organisms with “Mirror” Molecules

Scientists are calling for a discussion of the risks of creating organisms based on “mirror” molecules, due to a potential threat that such forms of life can pose to health and safety.

All known forms of life are based on a fundamental principle: DNA and RNA molecules have a “right-hand” orientation, while amino acids that make up proteins have a “left-handed” orientation. This phenomenon, known as homochirality, allows for biological processes to function in the typical way. However, there are molecules with a reverse orientation that has piqued the interest of scientists: is it possible to create life based on such “inverted” components?

Several researchers have already embarked on experiments in this direction. For example, in 2016, a mirror analogue of DNA polymerase – an enzyme responsible for copying and transcribing DNA – was developed. While once considered a significant advancement, concerns have now arisen. Critics warn that organisms with a mirror structure could potentially pose an uncontrollable threat. These life forms do not adhere to the mechanisms that normally limit the spread of regular bacteria, making them unaffected by antibiotics, the immune system, predators, and enzymes that break down proteins.

Furthermore, these organisms would be incompatible with the typical food chain, creating hurdles to their survival. The potential autonomy of mirror bacteria is also concerning. While the development of such organisms requires substantial efforts, scientists argue that their creation should be strictly regulated.

The authors of a publication in the journal Science stress that while synthetic biology technologies show promise, the creation of mirror life forms may present risks that humanity is not yet equipped to handle. Experts suggest pausing experiments in this area and initiating a broad discussion to establish approaches for controlling and managing similar research.