A group of scientists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has introduced a groundbreaking method for studying living tissues that allows cells to be observed at twice the depth without any damage. The method, detailed in a study published in Science Advances, is set to revolutionize drug testing and disease diagnosis.
In the past, studying biological tissues was challenging due to light scattering, resulting in unclear images and limited access to cell structures. However, MIT researchers have devised a solution to this problem.
The key advantage of this new approach is that it eliminates the need for sample preparation such as cutting or dye processing. The researchers utilized a unique laser that causes molecules within cells to emit light, revealing their natural structure and vital processes.
To implement this innovative idea, the scientists developed a compact device called “Fiber Former.” By manipulating the fiber to control the color and pulses of light, light scattering is minimized, allowing for deeper penetration into tissue layers.
Initial tests of the technology have yielded impressive results, with the light beam penetrating biological samples to a depth exceeding 700 micrometers, more than three times the capability of existing methods limited to around 200 micrometers.
The development holds particular significance for the study of organoids – lab-grown structures mimicking organ functions. Professors Roger Cumma and Linda Griffith use miniaturized brain and endometrium models to investigate diseases and novel therapeutic approaches.
Kunzan Liu, a graduate student involved in the technology’s creation, expressed their aim to unveil hidden details in biological samples that were previously inaccessible.
The improved imaging speed allows for detailed examination of how cell metabolism influences their movement speed and direction.
Researchers are working on enhancing the technology further, aiming to achieve higher image resolution and developing algorithms for constructing detailed three-dimensional models of biological samples. One promising application is real-time monitoring of drug effects on living tissues.
The project has received support from multiple organizations, including the MIT Starting Fund, the National Science Foundation, and the MIT Presidential Foundation named after Irwin Jacobs and Joan Klein.
Future plans include making this cutting-edge technology available to biological laboratories worldwide, marking a significant step forward in tissue analysis and research.