Robotic technology is increasingly looking to nature for inspiration, with a recent article in the Journal of Bionic Engineering showcasing a groundbreaking development. The article describes a new device based on piezoelectric materials that can mimic the gait of a cheetah.
One of the main advantages of this robot lies in its piezoelectric components, which generate electricity when bent or pressured. This unique feature allows the robot to run in a straight line and make turns of varying radii simply by adjusting the supplied voltage. Despite its small size of 150 × 80 × 31 mm³ and weighing only 38 grams, the prototype is quite impressive.
The device, known as the H-shaped biomimetic piezoelectric mechanism (H-BPR), consists of four limbs connected by three piezoelectric beams. As these beams bend and vibrate, the robot’s legs move rhythmically, closely resembling the movement of a cheetah while running.
Developers meticulously studied the way cheetahs move, examining each paw’s trajectory and analyzing the overall movement of the animal. Using computer modeling, they tested the robot’s reactions to various external influences and frequency fluctuations.
In tests, the prototype achieved a speed of 66.79 mm/s at a voltage of 320 V, successfully carrying a 55-gram load. Special modifications with limbs of different heights demonstrated exceptional performance on inclined surfaces. This versatility makes the robot suitable for a wide range of tasks and environments.
Unlike other robots that use wave movements in piezomaterials, this new system is simpler to produce and offers greater maneuverability. By adjusting the tension, the robot can instantly change direction and rotation radius. Engineers plan to enhance its capabilities by adding miniature sensors and cameras.
The mini-Gapard, as the robot is called, paves the way for a series of similar structures based on piezoelectric technology. Scientists aim to further develop the model to operate in extreme conditions such as extreme heat or cold, aggressive environments, and other hazardous situations. Potential applications include industrial settings and rescue operations, where compact and agile assistants are needed.