Scientists have recently created a remarkable reconstruction of the appearance of a Neanderthal woman who lived 75 thousand years ago. This reconstruction was based on the study of a blue-black skull found in the Shanidar cave in Iraqi Kurdistan. The skeleton, known as Shanidar Z, consisted of the upper body, including the spine, shoulders, arms, and arms, with a severely deformed skull.
Prior to the recreation process, the remains had to be strengthened as the bones were described as having the consistency of “soaked cookies.” The restoration process took over a year, after which the 3D scan of the skull was passed on to Dutch artists Adri and Alfons Kennis, renowned for their accurate reproductions of ancient individuals.
Dr. Emma Praora, a Paleoanthropologist from the University of Cambridge who was part of the project, expressed her excitement and honor at working with the remains of such a unique individual.
In addition to the visual reconstruction, the study provides insights into the potential lifestyle of this Neanderthal woman. It is believed that she died around the age of 45, as indicated by the significantly worn-down teeth almost to the roots. Scientists also found evidence of various dental issues such as gum infections and diseases.
Discoveries from the Shanidar Cave have also illuminated the behavioral aspects of Neanderthals, challenging previous assumptions of their primitiveness. It appears that Neanderthals engaged in rituals related to death, evidenced by the positioning of bodies in graves and traces of pollen, possibly linked to funerary practices.
Professor Chris Hunt from John Moore University in Liverpool hypothesizes that the presence of pollen in graves may not necessarily relate to flowers but could indicate the use of branches to deter predators from bodies. He opts to use the term “placement” over “funeral” to steer clear of religious connotations.
These new findings not only enhance our understanding of Neanderthal physical characteristics but also highlight the complexity of their cultural practices, suggesting the potential for spiritual beliefs or even religious rituals among this ancient human species.