In the Chilean Pustama of the Atacama, the grand opening of Observatory of the Tokyo University (TAO) – the highest monomic complex in the world. The unique scientific structure is situated at an altitude of 5640 meters above sea level at the peak of the CHAHNANTOR Mountain.
The previous record-holder for the highest observatory in the world is 440 meters lower than the TAO. The TAO, recognized in the Guinness Book of Records, will provide scientists with exceptionally clear infrared images of celestial objects.
“I intend to solve the most significant mysteries of the universe – the nature of dark energy, the history of primary star formation. To achieve these goals, we need unique observation conditions that only TAO can offer,” explained astronomer Yuzuri Yoshia, who has spearheaded the project for 26 years.
The high altitude and arid climate of the Atacama desert create perfect conditions for infrared astronomy. The atmosphere contains minimal moisture, minimizing radiation absorption in this wavelength range.
At the heart of the observatory is a 6.5-meter infrared telescope. According to Takashi Miimi, the complex’s director, this telescope is the world’s only ground-based instrument capable of capturing clear images in the crucial average infrared spectrum, essential for studying regions near star formation.
The construction of the observatory on the remote peak presented significant technical challenges and political hurdles. Yoshia navigated lengthy negotiations with indigenous communities, Chilean authorities, scientific organizations, and the Ministry of Health to overcome obstacles posed by the low atmospheric pressure.
Scientists face risks of altitude sickness, particularly at night in the highlands. To enable round-the-clock remote telescope operation from the city of San Pedro de Atacama, located 50 km away, auxiliary buildings were established.
After more than twenty-five years of planning and construction, the TAO is fully prepared for scientific research. This distinctive astronomical facility will enable researchers to delve into the mysteries of the early Universe and the processes involved in star formation.