Scientists from the AMOLF research institute, in collaboration with the Technological University of Dortht, have achieved a significant breakthrough in the control of light waves. By altering the shape of a two-dimensional photon crystal, they successfully halted the movement of light waves contained within it.
Even minor deformations in the crystal structure can have a profound impact on the behavior of photons, akin to the effect of magnetic fields on electrons. This development paves the way for new possibilities in slowing down light fields and amplifying their intensity, which is crucial for their integration into microcircuits, as highlighted by Evold Verkhagen, the head of the Amolf group.
The essence of this innovative technology lies in manipulating light flows at the micro level, reminiscent of controlling electron movement through magnetic fields. However, the process becomes more intricate when dealing with chargeless photons.
The AMOLF photon forces group delved into finding methods and materials that could emulate magnetic fields for photons, drawing inspiration from electron behavior in materials like graphene. This involved altering the crystal lattice structure to confine photon movement and generate Landau energy levels.
Through collaboration with Keypers Kobus from the Technological University of Dorthta, the scientists were able to replicate this phenomenon for photons. By modifying the hole patterns in the silicon layer, they effectively immobilized photons within the crystal, forcing them to come to a standstill.
This novel approach to light manipulation holds great potential for advancements in microcircuitry. By varying deformation patterns, researchers managed to create diverse types of effective magnetic fields within a single material. This study sets the stage for the development of nanophotonic devices that can significantly enhance light, a critical milestone for the enhancement of lasers and quantum light sources.
The groundbreaking results were published in Nature Photonics on April 23. Additionally, a research team from the University of Pennsylvania independently obtained similar results.