MEP approved on Wednesday June 8, the end of thermal vehicles in 2035 and the end of free CO2 quotas for aviation, but rejected a large part of the climate package proposed by the Commission. Decryption of these measures intended for the achievement of carbon neutrality in 2050.
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This is the biggest legislative package ever examined in Europe. In July and December 2021, the European Commission had presented around twenty legislative proposals in order to allow the European Union (EU) to hold its climatic objectives: reduce greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55 % to The 2030 horizon compared to 1990 in order to reach carbon neutrality in 2050. Wednesday June 8, the European Parliament was to rule on eight of these texts, which will then be examined by the Council, before a trilogue. Overview of these technical legislations which will draw the climatic roadmap of the twenty-seven.
the reform of the carbon market
MEPs have rejected key text on Reinforcement of the European carbon market , not considered ambitious enough by the Left and too much by the sovereignists and the extreme right, which will lead to a complete renegotiation of this pillar of the EU climate plan in parliamentary committee. The most polluting industries (electricity production, steel industry, cement, etc.), which represent 40 % of CO 2 emissions, have been subject since 2005 to the quota exchange system ‘Programs (Emissions Trading System, ETS), that is to say that they have to pay for their programs. If this principle of polluter pays worked for the electricity sector, it did not allow heavy industry to reduce its carbon discharges. It benefits from millions of free quotas (which cover 94 % of its emissions), set up to avoid relocations, and the price of the ton of co 2 has remained too low to be Incentive.
The Commission, which included the maritime sector in ETS, proposes to put the market under tension, by gradually reducing the number of rights to pollute and programming the gradual end of free quotas, in order to raise the price of the ton of co 2 – today at around 80 euros. The end date of free quotas (in 2030, 2032 or 2034) is debated. “We must quickly stop this subsidy to pollution,” calls Thomas Pellerin-Carlin, director of the Energy Center of the Jacques-Delors Institute, recalling that it was the equivalent of 90 billion euros that went to industry through this since 2008.
The text also provides for the creation, from 2025, of a second carbon market, for the heating of buildings and road transport. In practice, this amounts to imposing on suppliers of fuel, gas or fuel oil to buy rights to pollute, an additional cost that they could pass on the household bill. To limit social impacts, particularly in the context of war in Ukraine and prices outbreak, and three years after the conflict of “yellow vests”, the Parliament proposed not to integrate households in this market before 2029 and to cap The price of the co 2 to 50 euros per ton.
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