In July and August 1962, the race to be riched in murderer combat the Algerian nationalist movement.
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“Sebaâ Snine Barakat!” (“Seven years it’s enough!”). August 29 and 30, 1962, Algerians come down in the streets of the country. In the day of 29, violent clashes opposed, between them, units claiming from the National Liberation Army (ALN) to Algiers and the center of the country. Insecurity settles in the capital. The civil war is watching. Martyred after eight years of war, the population is up.
These bloody days are the culmination of the dissension of the National Liberation Front (FLN) during the war and never managed to overcome, without a homogeneous political project – beyond the liberation of the country – and quartered between several decision centers: a direction based outside the country; Autonomous military regions (wilayas) in Algeria. Its ultimate objective, independence, another conflict begins: that of the race ruling between the handful of men who, in 1954, embarked on the mad person to confront militarily the colonial power after more than one hundred and twenty years of occupation.
Three months earlier, in March 1962, while the cease-fire resulting from Evian agreements comes into force, the maquis of the interior leave exhausted from the war. Their numbers have been decimated. Only one-quarter of the fighters who joined the NLA between 1954 and 1962 survived. “Those who went through the war were survivors,” said Commander Azzeddine later, one of the executives of the Wilaya IV (center of the country) which, back in the maquis at the beginning of the year 1962 after an exile In Tunisia, is marked by the magnitude of the losses suffered in Jebel. “But my God, so they are all dead? […]. Our maquis have weakened, I have so far crossed only embryos of sections disseminated in nature,” he wrote in his memoirs.
A tenacious rancor
Aln no longer counted when only 10,000 men in arms after seven years of fighting in appalling conditions. The “Battle of Algiers”, in 1957, brought to the heart of the capital the dirty war and repression to its paroxysm, with thousands of deaths and disappeared. The independence organization has lost foreign political or intellectual frameworks, such as Larbi Ben M’hidi.
The surviving political leaders are forced to exile. This is the beginning of the cut between the direction of the FLN – “the outside” – and a fighting Algeria isolated by the construction of electrified barrage at the borders and cut off with reinforcements and weapons. Many supporters, having the feeling of being abandoned, will feed a tenacious rancor with regard to “borders”.
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