This service attached to Matignon advances several tracks, such as creating an “point” immigration system on the model of the United Kingdom or Canada.
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While immigration has become one of the major themes of presidential preamp, the Economic Analysis Council (CAE), a service attached to Matignon but bringing together independent academics, publishes, on Tuesday, November 9, a calling note to “rethink the migration policy” of France, so as to increase qualified immigration.
This note, insists in Preamble Philippe Martin, President of the CAE, does not answer an order of the executive, but results from the work of the two authors, Emmanuelle Auriol, a member of the CAE and professor at the School of Economics From Toulouse, and Hillel Rapoport, from Paris-I University and the School of Economics of Paris. She “begins only and not the other members of the CAE”. This debate around “qualified” immigration, that the CAE presents as “source of prosperity”, is not new. Nicolas Sarkozy had, during his accession to the Presidency of the Republic, in 2007, advocated “chosen” immigration in opposition to an immigration “suffered”.
In 2019, under the presidency of Emmanuel Macron, the Government of Edouard Philippe had in turn presented a set of measures aimed at “regaining control of our migration policy”, according to the terms used by the Prime Minister, With among other things, the intention of strengthening employment immigration, by putting in place quantified objectives to meet the unhedged needs, as defined by a list of “tensioning trades” set in 2008 by decree and updated in 2019.
“Negative perception”
Without explicitly formulating it, the CAE filigrates a failure of these policies. “Despite initiatives for labor immigration, including qualified work, family immigration remains the main reason for visas granted in France”, write the two authors of the note. In 2019, the economic motive represented 39,000 residence permits, compared to 91,000 for the family grounds and 90,000 student titles, according to the numbers of the Ministry of the Interior.
knowing that the annual flow of immigrants entering France, as measured by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), was 292,000 in 2019, or 0.41% of the population, against 0 , 85% for the average of OECD member countries. As a result, for the period 2000-2010, immigrants increased the number of highly skilled workers of only 3.5% in France, compared to 10% in the United Kingdom, Australia or Canada, and nearly 7 % in the United States or Sweden, according to OECD data.
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