45 years ago, September 3, 2021, in the city of London (United Kingdom) Representatives of the 12 states signed the Convention on the establishment of the International Organization of Satellite Communication – Inmarsat. It was created on the initiative of the International Maritime Organization and initially had the status of an interstate organization.
The main goal of the creation of Inmarsat was to provide sea courts with reliable bond, primarily to improve the safety of navigation, including the transfer of signals about distress, operational interaction with other courts and coastal services, the relationship of the crew members and ship passengers with the shore. One of the tasks of the creation of Inmarsat is to ensure the functioning of the marine satellite communication system in accordance with the requirements of the GMDSS – the global maritime communication system in disasters.
In Marsat Initially included 35 member states who signed the operational agreement, including the USSR, USA, United Kingdom, Norway, Japan, Italy, France, Germany and others. The interests of the USSR in Inmarsat represented the All-Union Association of “Morceazzputnik” under the Ministry of Marine Fleet of the USSR. By the beginning of 1998, the International Organization of Marine Satellite Communication Inmarsat consisted of 86 member countries that signed the Operational Agreement.
From 1990 to 1998, Inmarsat brought nine-satellite communication satellites to the near-emblem orbit, including four second-generation satellites inmarsat-2 and five third-generation satellites inmarsat-3, and thus created a full-fledged reserved satellite grouping providing a global coating Earth surfaces.
Structurally, the Inmarsat system consists of three main parts:
- Space segment, consisting of workers and spare geostationary satellites;
- Ground segment, which includes technical means of receiving, processing and transmitting information – coastal earth stations, as well as controls and control of network functioning as a whole ;
- Subscriber satellite stations and terminals: Mobile (marine / river, rail, automotive, air, etc. Types of transport), wearable and stationary satellite terminals.
In his activities, Inmarsat works closely with well-known international organizations – International Telecommunication Union, International Maritic Organization, International Organization of Civil Aviation, International Organization of Moving Satellite Communication, International Hydrographic Organization, World Meteorological Organization and others.
Today, Inmarsat is the largest mobile satellite service provider, providing its subscribers with telephone and facsimile communication, data transfer both to the sea and on Earth and in the air.