An international group of scientists, led by astrophysicists from the University of Bat in the UK, examined the Gamma Flash and for the first time confirmed the theoretical prediction, according to which the explosion occurs due to the collapse of ordered magnetic fields of the black hole. The decision of the puzzle appearance of gamma bursts is reported in the article published in the MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY.
Gamma Splash is a giant space explosion at which a huge amount of energy is distinguished. It is assumed that most of the bursts are relatively narrowly directed ray of gamma radiation, generated during the accretion of the substance in a certain compact object (black hole or neutron star), formed when the outbreak of supernova or in a collision of two other compact objects. The substance falling on the facility and magnetic fields lead to the appearance of relativistic plasma jets. In the “Fiery Ball” model, plasma emissions interact with the surrounding interstellar medium, generating direct and inverse shock waves and long-term afterglow in the X-ray range and radio frequencies.
There are different models of plasma jets and gamma burst. In one model, the jet passes through the weak disordered magnetic fields, and in another model of the field of the forming black holes are ordered in such a way that they are “spinning” the radiation stream, highly polarizing it. The difficulty to confirm the models is that ordered magnetic fields can exist only a while and, ultimately, are destroyed when the shock wave faces the surrounding interstellar medium. Thus, it is necessary to fix the degree of polarization of light very quickly, within a few minutes after the explosion.
Scientists discovered weak optical polarization from the straight shock wave of gamma burst (GRB 141220A) in just 129.5-204.3 seconds after the outbreak. It was possible to do with a multicolor optical polarimeter Ringo3 on a robotic Liverpool telescope (Spain). The results showed that the burst was probably caused by the collapse of ordered magnetic fields in the first seconds of the formation of a new black hole. The light itself arose when passing a straight shock wave in the environment. This is consistent with the results of previous observations, which fixed low polarization through hours or days after a splash.