Indian astronomers conducted long-term observations of anomalous Magnetary Xou J010043.1-721134, which allowed scientists to better reveal the nature of an unusual object. The results of the study are published in the repository of preprints ARXIV.
CXOU J010043 is a neutron star with powerful magnetic fields (in a quadrillion times stronger than the magnetic field of the Earth), which is also an X-ray pulsar. CXOU is located in a small magtellane cloud, outside the Milky Way, and thus possesses the lowest column density among all other magnets. This means that there is very few substances between the observer and the observed object, which allows astronomers to explore a magnetant with high accuracy.
Researchers analyzed the data obtained during observations of the object, which were carried out using the XMM-NEWTON telescope during 2000-2016. It turned out that CXOU has a period of circulation about eight seconds, which is typically for magnets. Every second he slows down at 0.0176 seconds. It also has a dipolar magnetic field with a strength of 380 trillion Gauss. The age of the object has 7,200 years.
X-ray pulse profile has two peaks both in a soft (0.3-1.3 kiloelectronvolt) and in rigid energy bands (1.3-8 kiloelectronevolt). The radiation of the magnetary can be explained by one source, for example, a thermal computerization model, when photon frequencies change as a result of their scattering on an electronic plasma. At the same time, the plasma temperature is not reduced over time, as it should be expected in the case when the body continuously emits without additional sources of heat.